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NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)

³ªÇÁŸ (NAFTA)

alphabet soup: UNESCO, OECD, NAFTA¿Í °°Àº ¾àÀÚ Á¶¾î.

[ÛÝ] ºÏ¹ÌÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤ (ÝÁÚ¸í»ë¦Ùõæ¶úðïÒ) North American Free Trade Agreement:NAFTA

[ÛÝBr] ºÏ¹ÌÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤ [ ÝÁÚ¸í»ë¦Ùõæ¶úðïÒ, North America Free Trade Agreement, NAFTA ]

The mission of the International Trade Administration (ITA) is to 1) enable U.S. businesses to
compete against unfairly traded imports and to safeguard jobs and the competitive strength of
American industry by enforcing antidumping (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) laws and
agreements that provide remedies for unfair trade practices, 2) encourage, assist, and advocate
U.S. exports by implementing a national export strategy, by focusing on the "Big Emerging
Markets", by providing industry and country analysis for U.S. business, and by supporting
new-to-export and new-to-market businesses through strategically located U.S. export assistance
centers, domestic commercial service offices and overseas offices and commercial centers, and
3) ensure that U.S. business has equal access to foreign markets by advocating on behalf of U.S.
exporters who are competing for major overseas contracts, and by implementing major trade
agreements, such as the General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), North American Free
Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the Japan "Framework."
±¹Á¦¹«¿ªÇàÁ¤Ã³(ITA)´Â (1) ¹Ý´ýÇÎ, »ó°è°ü¼¼¹ý°ú ºÒ°øÁ¤¹«¿ª°üÇà¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
±¸Á¦Á¶Ä¡¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¹Ý´ýÇÎ ¹× »ó°è°ü¼¼ °ü·Ã¹ý·É°ú ÇùÁ¤À» ÁýÇàÇÔÀ¸·Î
½á ¹Ì±¹±â¾÷ÀÌ ºÒ°øÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô ±³¿ªµÈ ¼öÀÔǰ¿¡ ´ëÇØ °æÀïÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â
µ¿½Ã¿¡, ¹Ì±¹»ê¾÷ÀÇ °í¿ë ¹× °æÀï·ÂÀ» º¸È£ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú (2) ±¹°¡¼öÃâÀü·«
(National Export Strategy)À» ÀÌÇàÇϰųª °Å´ë ½ÅÈï½ÃÀå(Big Emerging
Markets)¿¡ ÁÖ·ÂÇÏ°í ¹Ì±¹ ±â¾÷À» À§ÇØ »ê¾÷ ¹× ±¹°¡ºÐ¼®À» Á¦°øÇÏ¸ç ¹Ì±¹
³»¿¡ Àü·«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡µÈ ¼öÃâÁö¿ø¼¾ÅÍ, ±¹³»»ó¾÷Ȱµ¿Áö¿ø »ç¹«¼Ò ¹× ÇØ¿Ü
»ç¹«¼Ò µîÀ» ÅëÇØ »õ·Î¿î ¼öÃâ°ú ½ÃÀ尳ôȰµ¿À» Áö¿øÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ
¼öÃâÀ» Àå·Á, Áö¿ø, ¿ËÈ£ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú (3) ÇØ¿Ü ÁÖ¿ä°è¾àÀ» ȹµæÇϱâ À§ÇØ °æÀï
ÇÏ´Â ¹Ì±¹ ±â¾÷À» ¿ËÈ£Çϰí, °ü¼¼ ¹× ¹«¿ª¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀϹÝÇùÁ¤(GATT), ºÏ¹Ì
ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤(NAFTA) ¹× ÀϺ»ÀÇ ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ¿öÅ©(Framework)¿Í °°Àº ÁÖ¿ä
Åë»óÇùÁ¤À» ½ÃÇàÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¹Ì±¹ ±â¾÷ÀÌ ¿Ü±¹½ÃÀå¿¡ µ¿µîÇÑ Á¢±ÙÀ» º¸Àå
ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù.

TD also provides much of the background information for the President, USTR, State, Treasury,
and the Secretary of Commerce to conduct trade negotiations. USTR relies on TD's industry
experts in negotiations from GATT to NAFTA [Mexico and Canada]. TD draws up retaliation
lists which provide U.S. Government leverage to remove non-market barriers to U.S. exports. It
uses bilateral trade committees in Russia, China, and elsewhere to seek equity for American
businesses, large and small. In addition, TD helps administer key trade agreements like The
World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Textiles and Clothing, which prevents
disruption of the U.S. textile and apparel market, the United States-Europe Agreement on Trade
in Large Civil Aircraft, the Japan Semiconductor Agreement, and numerous other such
agreements.
¹«¿ª°³¹ß½ÇÀº ´ëÅë·É, ¹«¿ª´ëÇ¥ºÎ, ±¹¹«ºÎ, À繫ºÎ, »ó¹«ºÎÀå°ü¿¡°Ô Åë»ó
Çù»ó¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹è°æÀڷḦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. Åë»ó´ëÇ¥ºÎ´Â GATT¿¡¼­ NAFTA±îÁö
°¢Á¾ Çù»ó¿¡¼­ ¹«¿ª°³¹ß½ÇÀÇ »ê¾÷Àü¹®°¡¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¹«¿ª°³¹ß½ÇÀº
¹Ì±¹ ¼öÃâ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñ½ÃÀå À庮À» Á¦°ÅÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Çù»ó¼ö´ÜÀ¸·Î º¸º¹´ë»ó
ǰ¸ñÀ» ¼±Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¹«¿ª°³¹ß½ÇÀº ·¯½Ã¾Æ, Áß±¹ ¹× ±âŸ ³ª¶ó¿Í ¾ç±¹°£ Åë»ó
À§¿øÈ¸¸¦ Ȱ¿ëÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¹«¿ª°³¹ß½ÇÀº ¹Ì-ÀÏ ¹ÝµµÃ¼ÇùÁ¤,
´ëÇü¹Î°£Ç×°ø±â ±³¿ª¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹Ì-À¯·´ÇùÁ¤, ¹Ì-¼¶À¯½ÃÀåÀÇ ºØ±«¸¦ ¹æÁöÇÏ´Â
¼¶À¯ ¹× ÀÇ·ù¿¡ °üÇÑ WTOÇùÁ¤°ú °°Àº Áֿ乫¿ª ÇùÁ¤À» °üÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ»
Áö¿øÇÑ´Ù.

In May, 1997, IA published the final revisions of the AD regulations
to reflect the changes made by the URAA. The CVD regulations are
currently being revised. IA's AD and CVD determinations are reviewable
by two federal courts of special jurisdiction, the U.S. Court of
International Trade and the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.
Determinations involving Canada and Mexico are subject to review by NAFTA panels.
The statute, legislative history, regulations, and court opinions provide
detailed guidance on how to administer the AD and CVD laws.
¼öÀÔÇàÁ¤½ÇÀº URAA¿¡ ÀÇÇØ º¯°æµÈ ºÎ¹®À» ¹Ý¿µÇϱâ À§ÇØ AD±ÔÁ¤À» 97
³â 5¿ù ÃÖÁ¾ ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. CVD±ÔÁ¤Àº ÇöÀç °³Á¤ÀÛ¾÷ÁßÀÌ´Ù. ¼öÀÔÇàÁ¤½ÇÀÇ
AD ¹× CVDÆÇÁ¤Àº ¹Ì±¹ ±¹Á¦¹«¿ª¹ý¿ø (Court of International Trade)°ú ¿¬¹æ
Ç×°í¹ý¿ø(Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit)µî Ưº°ÇÑ Ã³¸®±ÇÇÑÀ»
Áö´Ñ 2°³ÀÇ ¿¬¹æ¹ý¿ø¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Àç°ËÅäµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ij³ª´Ù¿Í ¸ß½ÃÄÚ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔ
ÇÑ ÆÇÁ¤Àº NAFTAÆÐ³Î¿¡¼­ °ËÅäµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °ü·Ã¹ý±Ô, ¿ª»çÀûÀÎ ÀÔ¹ý¹è°æ,
±ÔÁ¤, ¹ý¿øÀÇ°ß µîÀ» ÅëÇØ AD ¹× CVD¹ý·üÀ» ½ÃÇàÇϴµ¥ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ÁöħÀ» ¾ò
À» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

E. World Organizations (±¹Á¦ ±â±¸)
1. GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) °ü¼¼ ¹× ¹«¿ª¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀϹÝÇùÁ¤
2. G7 (=Conference of Ministers of Group Seven)
3. IMF (=International Monetary Fund) ±¹Á¦ ÅëÈ­ ±â±Ý
4. NAFTA (=North American Free Trade Agreement) ºÏ¹Ì ÀÚÀ¯ ¹«¿ª Áö¿ª
5. OPEC (=Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) ¼®À¯ ¼öÃâ±¹ ±â±¸
6. OECD (=Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) °æÁ¦Çù·Â°³¹ß±â±¸
7. UR (=Uruguay Round)
8. WTO (=World Trade Organization) ¼¼°è¹«¿ª±â±¸

NAFTA : North American Free Trade Agreement


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