e.g
´Ù¸¥ °÷¿¡¼ ã±â
³×À̹ö»çÀü ´ÙÀ½»çÀü Cambridge M-W M-W Thesaurus OneLook Wordnet Google
C.E.G.B. Central Electricity Generating Board
e.g. (L exempligratia)=for example ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é
¾ÈÀüÇÑ ¿Â¶óÀÎ °áÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇØ BuyKorea¿¡¼´Â KOPS¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ½Å¿ëÄ«µå °áÁ¦°¡ °¡´ÉÇϸç
VISA, Master Card ¹× JCBÄ«µå¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ½Ç ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¶ÇÇÑ °áÁ¦¸¦ À§Çؼ´Â ½Å¿ëÄ«µå ¹ß±Þ»ç°¡ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â Ãß°¡ÀûÀÎ º¸¾ÈÀÎÁõ ÄÚµå
(¿¹: Verified by VISA, Mastercard SecureCode, J/Secure)¸¦
ÀÔ·ÂÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á÷ºÒ Ä«µå´Â °áÁ¦°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
For safety to your online transaction, you can only make a payment by credit through KOPS(Korean Online Payment System
on BuyKorea.org).
It is applied to VISA, MASTER and JCB. Also, you need to enter additional online security code to make a payment
(e.g. Verified as VISA, Master Card Secure Code, J/Secure JCB). Debit card is not acceptable.
4¿ù 13ÀÏ¿¡ º¸³½ »óǰÀÌ ÁÖ¼Ò ºÒ¸íÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¹Ý¼ÛµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
Á¤È®ÇÑ ÁÖ¼Ò°¡ È®ÀεǴ ´ë·Î ´Ù½Ã º¸³»µå¸®°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
¸¸¾à ȯºÒÀ̳ª Ư±Þ¹è¼ÛÀ» ¿øÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì ¾Ë·ÁÁֽʽÿÀ.
The item that was shipped on April 13 was returned to us for an unidentified address.
Please send us your correct address. I will ship your item again.
If you want other options(e.g. a full refund or special delivery), Please let me know.
¡Ú [ ¼ýÀÚ¸¦ Àд ¹ý ]
e.g.
1) 120 : one hundred (and) twenty
2) 359 : three hundred (and) fifty nine
3) 2,898 : two thousand, eight hundred (and) ninety-eight
4) 1,506 : one thousand, five hundred and six
5) 1,700 : one thousand, seven hundred
6) 47,309 : forty-seven thousand, three hundred and nine
7) 559,921 :
five hundred fifty-nine thousand, nine hundred twenty-one
8) 5,779,075 :
five million,seven hundred seventy-nine thousand,seventy-five
À§ÀÇ º¸±â´Â °¡Àå ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¼ýÀÚ Àд ¹æ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. º¸±â Áß, thousand
¿Í million¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ²÷¾îÁö´Â ºÎºÐÀ» ƯÈ÷ ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¡Ú [ ÀÏ»óȸȿ¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¼ýÀÚ¸¦ Àд ¹ý ]
ÀÏ»óÈ¸È ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÚÁÖ µîÀåÇÏ´Â ¼ýÀÚ Áß, °Ç¹°ÀÇ ¹øÁö¼ö¿Í È£ÅÚ,¿©°ü
µîÀÇ È£½ÇÀ» Àд °ÍÀº Çʼö ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±× Àд ¹æ¹ýÀ» ´ÙÀ½¿¡¼ ¾Ë¾Æº¾
½Ã´Ù.
À§ÀÇ º¸±â¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ÀÌ¿ëÇØ º¸¸é, ¸ÕÀú 1°ú 2ó·³ 3ÀÚ¸® ¼ýÀÚ·Î µÇ¾î
ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº, 1) one twenty 2) three fifty-nine°ú °°ÀÌ ¹éÀÚ¸®¿Í ½ÊÀÚ
¸®¸¦ ³ª´©¾î ÀнÀ´Ï´Ù. 4ÀÚ¸® ¼ýÀÚ°¡ µÇ¸é 3) twenty-eight, ninety-
eight·Î Àдµ¥, 4)ó·³ ½ÊÀÚ¸® ¼ýÀÚ°¡ 0ÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â fifteen-on-six·Î
Àаí, 5)ó·³ ½ÊÀÚ¸® ÀÌÇϰ¡ ¸ðµÎ 0ÀÏ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â seventeen hundred·Î
ÀнÀ´Ï´Ù. ¿¬µµ¸¦ ÀÐÀ» ¶§µµ ¿ª½Ã ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡
µû¶ó¼´Â ¼ýÀÚ¸¦ Çϳª¾¿ Àб⵵ Çϴµ¥, 1)À» one-two zero [oh]·Î ÀÐ
´Â´ÙµçÁö, 3)À» two-eight-nine-eight·Î Àд´ٴ ¶æÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 6)ÀÇ °æ¿ì
ó·³ 5ÀÚ¸® ¼ýÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ À̰ÍÀÌ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¿ìÆí¹øÈ£¿¡ ¾²ÀÎ °ÍÀ̶ó¸é,
four-seven-three-zero[oh]-nineó·³ ¼ýÀÚ¸¦ Çϳª¾¿ ÀнÀ´Ï´Ù.
Àüȳª Å©·¹µðÆ® Ä«µåÀÇ ¹øÈ£°¡ 03-123-4567ÀÏ °æ¿ì, ±× Àд ¹æ¹ýÀº
´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ 3°¡Áö°¡ ¾²ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
1) zero[oh]-three,one-two-three,four-five-six-seven
2) // , // ,forty-five sixty-seven
3) // ,one twenty-three,forty-five sixty-seven
-----------------------------------------------------------------
¡Ú [ ¼Ò¼ö.ºÐ¼ö.¼¼öÀÇ Àд ¹ý ]
1) ¼Ò¼öÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â ¼Ò¼öÁ¡À» 'point'¶ó°í ÀÐ°í ¼ýÀÚ´Â ±×´ë·Î ÀнÀ´Ï´Ù.
e.g. > 0.2 : (zero) point two
> 0.05 : (zero) point zero five
> 1.7 : one point seven
> 25.9 : twenty-five point nine
±×·¯³ª $35.9 ¶ó´Â °¡°ÝÀ» ÀÐÀ» °æ¿ì, ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Àд ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖ½À
´Ï´Ù. > thirty-five point nine dollars
> // dollars and nine cents
> // ,nine
2) ºÐ¼öÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â ºÐÀÚ¸¦ ±â¼ö·Î, ºÐ¸ð¸¦ ¼¼ö·Î ÀÐÀ¸¸ç,ºÐÀÚ°¡ 2ÀÌ»ó
ÀÏ ¶§´Â º¹¼öÇüÀ¸·Î ÀоîÁÝ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¨öÀº half·Î, ¨ùÀº quarter·Î
Àд °ÍÀÌ ÀϹÝÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
e.g. ¨÷ : one third ¨ø : two thirds
3/5: three fifths
3) ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¼¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ ´ÙÀ½¿¡¼ Âü°íÇϼ¼¿ä.
e.g. > 7Ãþ : the seventh floor
> 5¹ø°¡ : Fifth Avenue ('´Ù¼¸ ¹øÂ° ´ë·Î'¶ó´Â ¶æ)
> 4¹øÂ° : the fourth time
> ¿À¸¥ÂÊ¿¡¼ 6¹øÂ° : (the) sixth from the right
> Á¦ 2°ú : the second lesson
> 7¿ù 4ÀÏ : July (the) fourth/(the) fourth of July
¡Ú [ °è»ê½ÄÀ» Àд ¹ý ]
µ¡¼À, »¬¼À, °ö¼À, ³ª´°¼À µîÀÇ ¼ö½ÄÀ» Àд ¹æ¹ýÀº ºñ±³Àû ±î´Ù·ÓÁö
¸¸, °£´ÜÇϰԵµ Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±× Ç¥Çö ¹æ¹ýÀ» ´ÙÀ½¿¡¼ ¾Ë¾Æº¾
½Ã´Ù. e.g.> µ¡¼À (6+5=11) : Six plus five is eleven.
Six and five is eleven.
Six plus five makes eleven.
> »¬¼À (10-8=2) : Ten minus eight leaves[equals] two.
Eight from ten leaves two.
> °ö¼À (5x8=40) : Five times eight is forty.
Five eights are forty.
> ³ª´°¼À (8/2=4) : Eight divided by two is four.
°è»ê½Ä Áß¿¡¼´Â µ¡¼À°ú »¬¼ÀÀÌ °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ´Âµ¥, ±âº»ÀûÀÎ °è»ê
¹ýÀ̹ǷΠ¹Ýµå½Ã ¾Ë¾ÆµÎ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
1) ¡ you know, ¡
=================
¹Ìó ÇÒ ¸»ÀÌ »ý°¢³ªÁö ¾Ê°Å³ª ¸»Çϱ⠰ï¶õÇÑ ¾ê±â°¡ ÀÖ¾î¼
´õµë°Å¸± ¶§ °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î, º°´Ù¸¥ ¶æÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
±¸Å¿© ¿ì¸®¸»·Î ÇØ¼®ÇÏÀÚ¸é "±×·¯´Ï±î ¹¹³Ä..." , " ¿¡...."
µîÀÇ ±º¼Ò¸®·Î ¿Å±æ ¼ö Àְڴµ¥, »ç¿ëµÇ´Â À§Ä¡´Â Ưº°È÷ Á¤
ÇØÁ® ÀÖÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
e.g.
> You know,he...he...wants to get away from you.
(ÀÖÀݾÆ, °Â¸»¾ß... °Â°¡ ÀÌÁ¦ ³ÊÇÑÅ×¼ Á» ¹þ¾î³ª°í ½Í´Ù´øµ¥.)
> She left,you know,yes,she left 2 days ago.
(±× ¿©ÀÚ´Â,±×·¯´Ï±î,°¡¸¸ÀÖÀÚ,±×·¡,±×¿©ÀÚ´Â ÀÌÆ² Àü¿¡ ¶°³µ¾î.)
2) ¡ you see, ¡
================
¾Õ¿¡¼ ¼³¸íÇÑ you knowÀÇ °æ¿ì¿Í º°·Î ´Ù¸¦ ¹Ù°¡ ¾øÁö¸¸,¶§¿¡
µû¶ó¼ È®ÀÎÀ̳ª µ¿ÀǸ¦ ±¸ÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµÇ±âµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
e.g.
> I went to America 3 years ago,you see,but my mind has been -
- still in Korea.
( ³ª´Â 3³â Àü¿¡ ¹Ì±¹À¸·Î °¬¾î.±×·¸ÀÝ´Ï. ±×·±µ¥ ³» ¸¶À½À» ÁÙ°ð
Çѱ¹¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø °Å¾ß. )
3) ¡ I mean, ¡
===============
ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ÇÑ ¸»ÀÌ Á» ´õ ºÐ¸íÇϰí È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô »ó´ë¿¡°Ô Àü´ÞµÉ ¼ö
ÀÖµµ·Ï ±×°ÍÀ» ºÎ¿¬ ¼³¸íÇÒ ¶§ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¸»ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. " Áö±Ý ÇÑ ¸»Àº
°á±¹...." Á¤µµÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ °®´Â´Ù°í º¸¸é Á¤È®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
e.g.
> He must be off his rocker. I mean he must be crazy.
( Àú Ä£±¸ ¸ÀÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °¬±º. ¹ÌÃÆ´Ü ¸»À̾ß. )
4) ¡ ell er, ¡ / let's see ¡ / let me see ¡
==================================================
Á¶±Ý ½Ã°£À» µÎ°í »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀ» ¶§³ª, ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀ» Á¤¸®ÇÏ
±â À§ÇÏ¿© ½Ã°£ÀÌ Á» ÇÊ¿äÇÒ ¶§, ±º¼Ò¸®·Î ¾²´Â ¸»µéÀÌ´Ù.
you know¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¾ÆÁÖ ÀϹÝÀûÀ̸ç, º° ¶æÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
e.g.
> You don't understand,well er,why don't you think about it -
- this way ?
( ¹«½¼ ¸»ÀÎÁö ÀÌÇØ¸¦ ¸øÇϴ±º. ±×·¯¸é, ¾Æ! ÀÌ·± ½ÄÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇØ
º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾î¶³±î ? )
> Let me see...ah, I just remembered it.
( °¡¸¸ ÀÖÀÚ....¾Æ, ÀÌÁ¦ »ý°¢³µ¾î. )
cover
1. to be or lie on the surface of something: The top of the mountain is covered with snow all year round.
2. to place or spread something upon, over, or in front of something in order to protect, hide, etc.: The noise was so loud that she covered her ears with her hands.
3. to include; consist of; take into account: The doctor's talk covered the complete history of medicine.
4. to travel a particular distance: I want to cover 50 miles before it gets dark.
5. to report the details of an event, e.g. for a newspaper: My editor sent me to cover the murder case.
1. -ÀÇ Ç¥¸é À§¿¡ Àְųª ³õ¿© ÀÖ´Ù. µ¤´Ù: ±× »ê²À´ë±â´Â 1³â ³»³» ´«À¸·Î µ¤¿© ÀÖ´Ù.
2. -¸¦ º¸È£Çϰųª ¼û±â±â À§Çؼ -ÀÇ À§³ª ¾ÕÀ» °¡¸®°Å³ª ¸·´Ù: ¼ÒÀ½ÀÌ ³Ê¹« ¿ä¶õÇØ¼ ±×³à´Â ¼ÕÀ¸·Î ±Í¸¦ ¸·¾Ò´Ù.
3. Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Ù, ¸Á¶óÇÏ´Ù: ±× ÀÇ»çÀÇ À̾߱â´Â Àü ÀÇÇÐÀÇ ¿ª»ç¸¦ ¸Á¶óÇß´Ù.
4. (ƯÁ¤ °Å¸®¸¦)°¡´Ù: ³ª´Â ¾îµÎ¿öÁö±â Àü¿¡ 50¸¶ÀÏÀ» °¡±â¸¦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù.
5. ½Å¹® µûÀ§¿¡ °ÔÀçÇϱâ À§Çؼ ¾î¶² »ç°ÇÀÇ ¼¼ºÎ »ç½ÇÀ» ÃëÀçÇÏ´Ù: ÆíÁýÀåÀÌ ³ª¸¦ ±× »ìÀλç°ÇÀ» ÃëÀçÇϵµ·Ï º¸³Â´Ù.
* feature Ư¡ characteristic or striking part:
Áö¿ªÀÇ Áö¸®Àû Ư¡
the geographical features of a district, e.g. mountains, lakes
*public-address system ¸¶ÀÌÅ©½Ã¼³, È®¼º ÀåÄ¡ an electrically controlled apparatus used for making a speaker clearly heard by large groups of people, e.g. in airport or outside:
¸¶ÀÌÅ©¸¦ ÅëÇØ Å©°í È®½ÇÇÑ
loud and clear over the public address system
*article °£´ÜÇÑ ¿ëǰ particular or separate thing:
ºñ´©, Ä¡¾à°ú °°Àº ÈÀå ¿ëǰ toilet articles, e.g. soap, toothpaste
However, the publisher and I both think that travel agencies here
may be interested in your product. The problem would be demonstrating
their usefulness, e.g., some concrete examples of the way they are
used in the U.S.
±×·¯³ª ÃâÆÇ»çÃø°ú Á¦ »ý°¢À¸·Î´Â, À̰÷ÀÇ ¿©Çà»ç¶ó¸é ±Í»çÀÇ Á¦Ç°¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ
ÀÖÀ» µíÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹®Á¦´Â Á¦Ç°ÀÇ È¿¿ë¼ºÀ» ÀÌÇØ½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀε¥, ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é ¹Ì±¹¿¡
¼ ½ÇÁ¦ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ¿¹¸¦ º¸ÀÌ´Â °Í µîÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
The problem would be~ [¹®Á¦´Â ~ÀÌ´Ù] °¡Á¤¹ýÀ» ½á¼ ¾îÁ¶¸¦ ºÎµå·´°Ô Çϰí
ÀÖ´Ù.
concrete examples [±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ¿¹]
business letter¿¡¼´Â °£°áÇÑ Ç¥ÇöÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù. (e.g.) in case
of - for/in order to - to/under separate cover - separately/a large number
of - many
´©±¸³ª ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â À¯¸íÇÑ È£ÅÚ, ·¹½ºÅä¶û, ÀºÇà, ȸ»çµîÀÇ À̸§¾Õ¿¡ the¸¦ ºÙ
À̸é "±× ~"¶ó´Â ´µ¾Ó½º°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. (e.g.) The New Town, the Imperial Hotel,
the Ford Company
The advocates of "2001" usually say that since a century is 100 years, a millennium is 1000 years,
and the calendar began with year 1, therefore all subsequent centuries will begin with a year 1 (e.g. 1901), and all millennia will begin with a year 1 (e.g. 2001).
2001³âÀ» ÁÖâÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº º¸Åë ¸»Çϱ⸦ 1¼¼±â´Â 100³âÀ̰í milleniumÀº 1000³âÀ̶ó ÇÑ´Ù.
´Þ·ÂÀÌ (¼±â) 1³âºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛµÇ¾î ±× °á°ú ¸ðµç ¼¼±â´Â 1À̶ó´Â ³âµµºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.
There is no year zero.
0À̶ó´Â ÇØ´Â ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Fair enough. However, when calendars were invented that numbered the years, whether the regal years of Egyptian Kings or a continuous count like the Seleucid Era, the number systems used did not contain the number zero.
(ÀÌ ¼³¸íÀ¸·Îµµ ÃæºÐÇÏÁö¸¸) ±×·¯³ª (±Ù°Å¸¦ ´õ µéÀÚ¸é) ÇØ¸¦ °è»êÇÏ´Â ´Þ·ÂÀÌ ¹ß¸íµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ ±×°ÍÀÌ ÀÌÁýÆ® ¿ÕµéÀÇ ÅëÄ¡·ÂÀÌ°Ç Seleucus ½Ã´ëó·³ °è¼Ó À̾îÁø °è»êÀÌ°Ç »ç¿ëµÈ ¼ö ü°è¿¡´Â 0À̶õ ¼ýÀÚ´Â ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
There could be no year zero when there was no zero.
0ÀÌ ¾ø¾ú±â¿¡ 0À̶õ ¿¬µµµµ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
Also, years were thought of as ordinals: the first year of a reign was thus year 1.
¶ÇÇÑ ³âµµ´Â ¼¼ö·Î ¿©°ÜÁ³´Ù.
Áï ÀçÀÓ Ã¹ ÇØ´Â 1³âÀ̾ú´Ù.
People who still think in these terms I will call "Ordinalists."
ÀÌ·± Ãø¸é¿¡¼ »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ³ ¼¼ö(ßíâ¦)ÁÖÀÇÀÚ¶ó ºÎ¸£±â·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
Uh, Dr. Shepherd? He's not going to the O.R.?
´ÚÅÍ ½¦ÆÛµå? ¼ö¼ú½Ç·Î ¾È °¡´Â °Ç°¡¿ä?
No. Do an E.E.G. and confirmatory tests.
¾È °¡. ³úÆÄ°Ë»ç¶û ³ú»çÆÇÁ¤ È®ÀÎ °Ë»çµé µ¹·Á
If he doesn't respond in six hours, declare him.
6½Ã°£ ¾È¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é ±× ¶© ¸»Çصµ µÅ
"Declare him"?
Declare him what?
¹» ¸»ÇØ? ¹» ¸» ÇÑ´Ù´Â °Å¾ß?
Brain-dead.
³ú»ç »óÅÂ
There's no corneal reflexes.
°¢¸·¹Ý»ç°¡ ¾ø¾î
It's been 55 minutes.
55ºÐÀ̳ª Áö³µ¾î
If he doesn't respond to these tests in the next 5 hours, what?
5½Ã°£ ¾È¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é ¾î¶»°Ô µÇ´Â °Å¾ß?
We're supposed to just stand here and watch him die?
±×³É ¿©±â ¼¼ ȯÀÚ°¡ Á׾´Â °É ÁöÄѺÁ?
If he doesn't respond to these tests, it's because he's already dead.
ȯÀÚ°¡ Å×½ºÆ®¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é ÀÌ¹Ì Á×¾î¼ÀÏ °Å¾ß
Technically. Legally.
¿øÄ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â, ¹ýÀûÀ¸·Îµµ
Actually, Izzie. Actually dead.
½ÇÁ¦·Î, ÀÌÁö ½ÇÁ¦·Î Á×¾ú´Ü ¸»À̾ß
He's breathing. He has a heartbeat.
¼û ½¬°í ÀÖ¾î ½É¹Úµ¿µµ ÀÖ°í
Look at his E.E.G. -- There's no higher-brain function.
³úÆÄ°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÑ ¹ø ºÁ ³ú±â´ÉÀÌ ¸ØÃè¾î
He'll never talk, move, or think again.
ÀÌÁ¨ ¸»µµ ¸ø ÇÒ °Å°í, ¿òÁ÷ÀÌÁöµµ, »ý°¢ÇÏÁöµµ ¸ø ÇØ
There's no one in there.
²®µ¥±â »ÓÀ̶ó°í
Dr. Grey, how are you doing?
´ÚÅÍ ±×·¹ÀÌ ¾î¶°¼¼¿ä?
You¡¯re here, good. I need the results of the barium esophagram or the e.g.d and you have neither.
¿Ô±º. ¹Ù·ý ½Äµµ Á¶¿µ¼ú ¾Æ´Ï¸é À§ ³»½Ã°æÀÇ °á°ú°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇѵ¥ µÑ ´Ù ¾È °¡Á®¿Ô±¸³ª
Okay. No worries. I¡¯ll be here when you get back.
±×·¡, °ÆÁ¤ ¸»¾Æ¶ó ³ ¿©±â °è¼Ó ÀÖÀ» Å״ϱî
cervix (°æºÎ) a term denoting the front portion of the collum, or neck (the part
connecting the head and trunk), or a constricted part of an organ (e.g. cervix uteri). c.
of axon, a constricted part of an axon, before the myelin sheath is added. c. columnae
posterioris medullae spinalis NA alternative for c. cornus dorsalis medullae spinalis. c.
cornus dorsalis medullae spinalis (NA), neck of dorsal horn of spinal cord : the
constricted portion of the dorsal horn, or column, of grey matter in the spinal cord
between the base of the horn and the head; called also c. cornus posterioris medullae
spinalis (NA alternative) and neck of posterior horn of spinal cord. c. dentis, (NA), the
slightly constricted region of union of the crown and the root or roots of a tooth; called
also collum dentis, dental neck, and neck of tooth. c. glandis, collum glandis penis.
incompetent c., one that is abnormally prone to dilate in the second trimester of
pregnancy, resulting in premature expulsion of the fetus (middle trimester abortion). c.
mallei, collum mallei. tapiroid c., a uterine cervix with a peculiarly elongated anterior lip.
c. uteri, neck of uterus : the lower and narrow end of the uterus, between the isthmus
and the ostium uteri.
edema (ºÎÁ¾) ¼¼Æ÷, Á¶Á÷° ¶Ç´Â µ¿°ø ¼Ó¿¡ ¾×ü°¡ ºñÁ¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ÃàÀûµÇ´Â °Í. the presence
of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of the body;
usually applied to demonstrable accumulation of excessive fluid in the subcutaneous
tissues. Edema may be localized, due to venous or lymphatic obstruction or to increased
vascular permeability, or it may be systemic due to heart failure or renal disease.
Collections of edema fluid are designated according to the site, e.g. ascites (peritoneal
cavity), hydrothorax (pleural cavity), and hydropericardium (pericardial sac). Massive
generalized edema is called anasarca.
fermentation : the anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially
carbohydrates, to simpler compounds, especially to ethyl alcohol, resulting in energy in
the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP); the process is used in the production of
alcohol, bread, vinegar; and other food or industrial products. It differs from respiration
in that organic substances rather than molecular oxygen are used as electron acceptors.
Fermentation occurs widely in bacteria and yeasts, the process usually being identified
by the product formed; e.g. , acetic, alcoholic, butyric, and lactic fermentation are those
that result in the formation of acetic acid, alcohol, butyric acid, and lactic acid,
respectively.
frequency (ºóµµ, Á֯ļö) 1. the number of occurrences of a periodic or recurrent process
per unit time, e.g. the number of vibrations of a particle per second or the number of
repetitions of a complete wave form (cycles) per second. 2. the number of members of a
population or statistical sample falling in a particular class. 3. relative frequency; the
average number of occurrences of a particular event in a large number of repeated
trials.
homeostasis (Ç×»ó¼º) a tendency to stability in the normal body states (internal
environment) of the organism. It is achieved by a system of control mechanisms
activated by negative feedback; e.g. a high level of carbon dioxide in extracellular fluid
triggers increased pulmonary ventilation, which in turn causes a decrease in carbon
dioxide concentration.
ichthyosis : a group of cutaneous disorders characterized by increased or aberrant
keratinization, resulting in noninflammatory scaling of the skin. Many different
metaphors have been used to describe the appearance and texture of the skin in the
various types and stages of ichthyosis, e.g. alligator, collodion, crocodile, fish, and
porcupine skin. Most ichthyoses are genetically determined, while some may be acquired
and develop in association with various systemic diseases or be a prominent feature in
certain genetic syndromes. The term is commonly used alone to refer to i. vulgaris.
parallel (ÆòÇà) 1. pertaining to straight lines or planes that do not intersect. 2. pertaining
to electric circuit components connected 'in parallel' so that the current flow divides,
each branch passing through one component, and rejoins; applied by extension to any
similar parallel circuit, e.g. the systemic circulation to the various organs.
parameter (º¯¼ö) a variable whose measure is indicative of a quantity or function that
cannot itself be precisely determined by direct methods; e.g., blood pressure and pulse
rate are parameters of cardiovascular function, and the level of glucose in blood and
urine is a parameter of carbohydrate metabolism.
prostaglandin (ÇÁ·Î½ºÅ¸±×¶õµò) ½ÉÀåÇ÷°ü°è, À§Àå°ü°è, È£Èí°è ±×¸®°í ÁßÃ߽Űæ°è¿¡¼ È¿´É
À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ±ØÈ÷ Ȱ¼ºÀûÀÎ »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ¹°ÁúÀÎ Áö¹æ»ê (fatty acids). any of a group of
components derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid,
via the cyclooxygenase pathway that are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group
of physiologic processes. The abbreviation for prostaglandin is PG; specific compounds
are designated by adding one of the letters A through I to indicate the type of
substituents found on the hydrocarbon skeleton and a subscript (1, 2 or 3) to indicate
the number of double bonds in the hydrocarbon skeleton e.g., PGE2. The predominant
naturally occurring prostaglandins all have two double bonds and are synthesized from
arachidonic acid (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid) by the pathway shown in the
illustration. The 1 series and 3 series are produced by the same pathway with fatty
acids having one fewer double bond (8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid or one more double bond
(5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid) than arachidonic acid. The subscript a or ©¬ indicates
the configuration at C-9 (a denotes a substituent below the plane of the ring, ©¬, above
the plane). The naturally occurring PGF's have the a configuration, e.g., PGF2a. All of
the prostaglandins act by binding to specific cell-surface receptors causing an increase
in the level of the intracellular second messenger cyclic AMP (and in some cases cyclic
GMP also). The effect produced by the cyclic AMP increase depends on the specific cell
type. In some cases there is also a positive feedback effect. Increased cyclic AMP
increases prostaglandin synthesis leading to further increases in cyclic AMP.
psychosis (Á¤½Åº´, Á¤½ÅÁõ) a mental disorder characterized by gross impairment in
reality testing as evidenced by delusions, hallucinations, markedly incoherent speech, or
disorganized and agitated behaviour without apparent awareness on the part of the
patient of the incomprehensibility of his behaviour; the term is also used in a more
general sense to refer to mental disorders in which mental functioning is sufficiently
impaired as to interfere grossly with the patient's capacity to meet the ordinary
demands of life. Historically, the term has been applied to many conditions, e.g.
manic-depressive psychosis, that were first described in psychotic patients, although
many patients with the disorder are not judged psychotic.
pupillary dilation : the action of stretching or enlarging the pupil e.g. by atropine.
regression (ÅðÇà) 1. a return to a former or earlier state. 2. a subsidence of symptoms
or of a disease process. 3. a return to earlier, especially to infantile, patterns of thought
or behaviour, a characteristic of many mental disorders also exhibited by normal persons
in many situations, e.g. feelings of helplessness and dependency in a patient with a
serious physical illness.
shunt (´Ü¶ô) 1. to turn to one side; to divert; to bypass. 2. a passage or anastomosis
between two natural channels, especially between blood vessels. Such structures may be
formed physiologically (e.g. to bypass a thrombosis) or they may be structural
anomalies. 3. a surgically created anastomosis; also, the operation of forming a shunt.
tension (±äÀå, Àå·Â) ½ÅÀåµÇ°Å³ª, ±äÀåµÇ°Å³ª, ¿¬ÀڵǴ ÇൿÀ̳ª »óÅÂ. Á¤½Å°úÇп¡¼ÀÇ µ¿ÀÇ
¾î=stress. 1. the act of stretching. 2. the condition of being stretched or strained; the
degree to which anything is stretched or strained. 3. voltage. 4. the partial pressure of a
gas in a fluid, e.g., of oxygen in blood.
tetanus (ÆÄ»ódz) 1. an acute, often fatal infectious disease caused by the anaerobic,
spore-forming bacillus Clostridium tetani; the agent most often enters the body through
contaminated puncture wounds(e.g. those caused by metal nails, wood splinters, or insect
bites), although other portals of entry include burns, surgical wounds, cutaneous ulcers,
injections sites of drug abusers, the umbilical stump of neonates (t; neonatorum), and
the postpartum uterus. 2. physiological tetanus; a state of sustained muscular contraction
without periods of relaxation caused by repetitive stimulation of the motor nerve trunk
at frequencies so high that individual muscle twitches are fused and cannot be
distinguished from one another; called also tonic spasm and tetany.
o General information about the research company, e.g., how long it has been
involved in this kind of work, whether work has been done for the petitioner or
petitioner's counsel before, etc.
¤·½ÃÀåÁ¶»çȸ»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Á¤º¸ : ¾ó¸¶³ª ¿À·§µ¿¾È ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¾÷¹«¸¦
ÇØ ¿ÔÀ¸¸ç, Á¦¼ÒÀÚ³ª Á¦¼ÒÀÚÃø º¯È£»ç¸¦ À§ÇÑ È°µ¿À» ¼öÇàÇÏ¿´´ÂÁö
Section 702(c)(4)(A) of the Act requires the DOC to determine, prior to the initiation of
an investigation, that a minimum percentage of the domestic industry for the like product
supports an antidumping duty petition. In making this determination, the DOC and the
ITC must both apply section 771(10) of the Act which defines "domestic like product",
but they do so for different purposes and pursuant to separate and distinct authority.
Furthermore, the DOC's determination is subject to limitations of time and information.
This may result in different definitions of the like product, but such differences do not
render the decision of either agency contrary to law (see Initiation of Antidumping Duty
Investigation: Collated Roofing Nails from the People's Republic of China, the Republic
of Korea, and Taiwan, 61 FR 67306 (December 20, 1996)). We will not consider any
arguments relating to industry support once an investigation has been initiated. A petition
meets the minimum requirements if the domestic producers or workers who support the
petition account for 1) at least 25 percent of the total production of the domestic like
product; and 2) more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like product
produced by that portion of the industry expressing support for, or opposition to, the
petition (see Initiation of Antidumping Duty Investigation: Beryllium Metal and High
Beryllium Alloys from Kazakhstan, 61 FR 15770 (April 9, 1996)). Also note that in
situations where the views of management and workers negate each other, the production
of the company is included as part of the total production of the domestic like product for
purposes of applying the 25-percent threshold. (See the "Comments" section of the
preamble to the AD regulations, 62 FR 27296 (May 19,1997)).
Please note that the methodologies used to determine industry support (e.g., production
publications) may vary from industry to industry.
¹ý Á¦702Á¶(c)(4)(A)¿¡¼´Â Á¶»ç°³½ÃÀü¿¡ »ó¹«ºÎ°¡ ¹Ý´ýÇΰü¼¼ ½ÅûÀ»
ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â µ¿Á¾¹°Ç°À» »ý»êÇÏ´Â ±¹³»»ê¾÷ÀÇ ÃÖ¼Ò ºñÀ²À» ÆÇÁ¤Çϵµ·Ï Çϰí
ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÆÇÁ¤À» ÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ »ó¹«ºÎ¿Í ±¹Á¦¹«¿ªÀ§¿øÈ¸´Â ±¹³» µ¿Á¾
¹°Ç°À» Á¤ÀÇÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ¹ý Á¦771Á¶(10)¸¦ Àû¿ëÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸³ª »ç½Ç ¾ç±â°üÀº
°¢±â ´Ù¸¥ ¸ñÇ¥ÇÏ¿¡, º°µµÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ±ÇÇÑ¿¡ µû¶ó Àû¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ´õ±¸³ª
»ó¹«ºÎÀÇ °áÁ¤Àº ½Ã°£°ú Á¤º¸¸é¿¡¼ ÇѰ谡 ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ µ¿Á¾¹°Ç°ÀÇ
Á¤Àǰ¡ ¼·Î ´Ù¸£°Ô µÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇØ¼ ¾ç±â°ü
ÀÇ °áÁ¤ÀÌ ¹ý¿¡ À§¹èµÇ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù(Áß±¹, Çѱ¹, ´ë¸¸»ê Collated
Roofing Nail Á¶»ç°³½Ã »ç°Ç - 61FR 67306, 96. 12. 20. ÂüÁ¶). ÀÏ´Ü Á¶»ç
°¡ °³½ÃµÇ¸é »ê¾÷ÀÇ Âù¼º¿©ºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àç·ÐÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¹Ý´ýÇÎ ½ÅûÀÇ
ÃÖ¼Ò¿ä°ÇÀ» ÃæÁ·ÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â °æ¿ì´Â 1)½ÅûÀ» Âù¼ºÇÏ´Â ±¹³» »ý»êÀÚ³ª Á¾
¾÷¿øÀÇ ºñÁßÀÌ ±¹³» µ¿Á¾¹°Ç° »ý»êÀÇ 25%¸¦ ÃʰúÇϰųª, 2) ½ÅûÀ» Âù¼º
Çϰųª(¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â) ÂÊÀÇ »ý»êºñÁßÀÌ ±¹³» µ¿Á¾¹°Ç° »ý»êÀÇ 50%¸¦ ³Ñ´Â °æ
¿ì(Ä«ÀÚÈ彺ź»ê Beryllium Metal Á¶»ç°³½Ã »ç°Ç ÂüÁ¶ - 61FR 15770,
96. 4. 9.) µîÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ °æ¿µÀÚ¿Í Á¾¾÷¿øÀÇ ÀǰßÀÌ ¼·Î ´Ù¸¥ °æ¿ìÀÇ ÇØ´ç
±â¾÷ »ý»êÀº ±¹³» µ¿Á¾¹°Ç°ÀÇ ÃÑ »ý»êÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î Æ÷ÇԵǾî 25% ±âÁØ
À» Àû¿ëÇϴµ¥ Ȱ¿ëµÈ´Ù(¹Ý´ýÇαÔÁ¤ÀÇ Àü¹®ÀÇ ÄÚ¸àÆ®, 62FR 27296
- 97.5.19 ÂüÁ¶). »ê¾÷ÀÇ ÁöÁö¿©ºÎ(»ý»ê °øÇ¥ µî)¸¦ ÆÇÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº
»ê¾÷º°·Î ´Ù¸£´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» À¯ÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
In order to ensure that the scope of an investigation is defined as accurately as possible,
the Department undertakes two procedures. The Department announced its
implementation of these procedures in the preamble to the 1997 final regulations (62 FR
27296, 27323, May 19, 1997). First, we include in our pre-filing checklist of petition
information a check that the proposed scope of the petition is an accurate reflection of the
product for which the domestic industry is seeking relief. Pre-filing consultations with
the prospective petitioner should seek to ensure that the scope of the petition is not
unintentionally overinclusive. Second, we designate a period early in the investigation
for parties to raise issues regarding product coverage. Petitioners than have an
opportunity to reconsider product coverage and the Department can amend the scope of
the investigation if warranted. You should include in the notice of initiation of the
investigation an announcement of this comment period (see, e.g. Initiation of
Antidumping Duty Investigation: Fresh Atlantic Salmon from Chile, 62 FR 37027 (July
10, 1997))
Á¶»ç¹üÀ§°¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô Á¤ÀÇµÉ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© »ó¹«ºÎ´Â
2°¡Áö ÀýÂ÷¸¦ ¹â´Â´Ù. »ó¹«ºÎ´Â 1997 ÃÖÁ¾±ÔÄ¢(final regulations(62 FR
27296, 27323, 97. 5. 19.)) ÀÇ Àü¹®¿¡¼ 2°¡Áö ÀýÂ÷ÀÇ ÀÌÇàÀ» °øÆ÷ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ù°, Á¦¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹ºñÁ¢¼ö Á¡°ËÇ¥¿¡ ½Åû¼»ó¿¡ Á¦½ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¹üÀ§°¡
±¹³»»ê¾÷ÀÌ ÇÇÇØ±¸Á¦¸¦ Èñ¸ÁÇÏ´Â ¹°Ç°À» Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô ¹Ý¿µÇϰí ÀÖ´ÂÁö¸¦
Á¡°ËÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Á¦¼Ò¿¹Á¤ÀÚÀÇ ½Åû¼ Á¦ÃâÀü »ó´ã¿¡¼
´Â ½ÅûÀÇ ¹üÀ§°¡ »ý°¢Áöµµ ¾Ê°Ô ³Ê¹« Æ÷°ýÀûÀÌÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù.
µÑ°, Á¶»çÀÇ Ãʱâ´Ü°è¿¡¼ ÀÌÇØ°ü°èÀÎÀÌ ¹°Ç°¹üÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ Á¦±âÇÒ
¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±â°£À» ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Á¦¼ÒÀÚ´Â ¹°Ç°ÀÇ ¹üÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àç°Ë
ÅäÇÒ ±âȸ¸¦ °¡Áö°Ô µÇ°í, »ó¹«ºÎ´Â Á¤´çÇÑ »çÀ¯°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì Á¶»çÀÇ ¹ü
À§¸¦ ¼öÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ Á¶»ç°³½Ã °ø°í½Ã ÀǰßÁø¼ú±â°£À» ¸í½Ã
ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù(French Atlantic Salmon Case ¹Ý´ýÇÎÁ¶»ç°³½Ã, 62 FR 37027 :
97. 7. 10. ÂüÁ¶).
Regarding criterion 2, the viability test is discussed in Chapter 8, section I of this manual.
Regarding criterion (3), if the products are not identical, the allegation must demonstrate
that the products in each market are comparable, i.e., that any observed differences in
value between the two markets are not solely the result of physical differences between
the merchandise in each market. In addition, the petitioner must provide information
indicating that the price differences do not result from different production costs existing
between the two countries at issue, e.g., differences in labor rates, taxes, overhead.
2¹ø ±âÁذú °ü·ÃÇÑ Á¸Àç°¡´É¼º °Ë»ç´Â Áöħ¼ Á¦8Á¤ Á¦1Àý¿¡¼ ¼³¸íµÈ´Ù.
3¹ø ±âÁذú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¸¸¾à ¹°Ç°ÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù¸é °¢ ½ÃÀå ¹°Ç°Àº ºñ±³
°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â ÁÖÀå, Áï ¾ç ½ÃÀå°£ °¡°ÝÂ÷À̰¡ ´ÜÁö °¢ ½ÃÀå¿¡¼ÀÇ »óǰ°£
¹°¸®Àû Â÷ÀÌÀÇ °á°ú´Â ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÔÁõÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´õ¿íÀÌ Á¦¼ÒÀÚ´Â
°¡°ÝÂ÷À̰¡ ¾ç ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¼·Î ´Ù¸¥ »ý»ê¿ø°¡ Áï ÀÓ±Ý, Á¶¼¼, °£Á¢ºñ µîÀÇ
Â÷ÀÌ¿¡¼ ÃÊ·¡ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ÀڷḦ Á¦ÃâÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
1. The Federal Register Notice (FR)
Always check the last several initiation notices that were published. In
general, the FR should contain the following information:
a. Identification of the petitioner.
b. A description of the basis for the calculation of the USPs and NVs
contained in the petition.
c. Any adjustments the DOC makes to the submitted USPs and NVs.
d. If sales below cost or critical circumstances are alleged, this should be stated.
e. Range of estimated margins as presented or corrected.
f. A statement on industry support for the petition.
g. A detailed description of the scope of the merchandise under investigation,
including the HTSUS numbers, and a statement regarding consultations
with parties on the scope of the investigation (see, e.g., Initiation of
Antidumping Duty Investigation: Fresh Atlantic Salmon from Chile, 62 FR
37027 (July 10, 1997)).
h. The due dates for ITC and DOC preliminary determinations.
1. ¿¬¹æ°üº¸¿¡ °ø°í
±â °øÇ¥µÈ ¸î °¡ÁöÀÇ Á¶»ç°³½Ã °ø°í¸¦ Ç×»ó Á¡°ËÇÑ´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¿¬¹æ
°üº¸¿¡´Â ´ÙÀ½»çÇ×ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
a. Á¦¼ÒÀÚÀÇ ÀÎÀû»çÇ×
b. ½Åû¼¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ¹Ì±¹°¡°Ý(USP)°ú Á¤»ó°¡°Ý(NVS)ÀÇ °è»ê ±Ù°Å
c. Á¦ÃâµÈ ¹Ì±¹°¡°Ý°ú Á¤»ó°¡°Ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ó¹«ºÎÀÇ Á¶Á¤»çÇ×
d. ¿ø°¡ÀÌÇÏ ÆÇ¸Å³ª ±ä±Þ»óȲÀÌ ÁÖÀåµÈ °æ¿ì ¸í½Ã
e. Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú°Å³ª ¼öÁ¤µÈ ÃßÁ¤¸¶ÁøÀÇ ¹üÀ§
f. ½Åû¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾÷°èÀÇ ÁöÁö ³»¿ë
g. ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ HS Äڵ带 Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ Á¶»ç´ë»ó¹°Ç°ÀÇ ¹üÀ§¸¦ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ±â¼úÇϰí
Á¶»ç¹üÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÀÌÇØ°ü°èÀΰúÀÇ ÇùÀÇ ³»¿ë ¸í½Ã(Ä¥·¹»ê ¿¬¾î ¹Ý
´ýÇÎÁ¶»ç°³½Ã »ç°Ç ÂüÁ¶ - 62 FR 37027, 97. 7.10)
h. ±¹Á¦¹«¿ªÀ§¿øÈ¸¿Í »ó¹«ºÎÀÇ ¿¹ºñÆÇÁ¤ ¿¹Á¤ÀÏÀÚ
ANTIDUMPING INVESTIGATIONS INITIATION CHECKLIST
-
SUBJECT: (insert case name)
-
CASE NUMBER: (insert case number)
-
PETITIONER(S):
(insert name(s) - provide the locations of each plant and headquarters)
-
COUNSEL:
(insert name of law firm)
-
RESPONDENT(S):
(insert name(s))
-
SCOPE:
(insert the scope of the investigation)
-
IMPORT STATISTICS:
(insert the volume and value of imports for the most recently completed calendar year,
year-to-date, and the corresponding prior period)
-
CASE CALENDAR:
Petition Filed:
Initiation Deadline:
ITC Preliminary Determination:
ITA Preliminary Determination:
ITA Final Determination:
ITC Final Determination:
Order:
-
INDUSTRY SUPPORT: Does the petitioner(s) account for more than 50% of production
of the domestic like product?
Yes (insert %) (petition page reference)
No (insert %)
-
If No, do those expressing support account for the majority of those expressing an
opinion and at least 25% of domestic production?
Yes
No - do not initiate
-
Describe how industry support was established - specifically, describe the nature of any
polling or other step undertaken to determine the level of domestic industry support.
-
Was there opposition to the petition?
Yes
(identify each party expressing opposition)
No
-
Are any of the parties who have expressed opposition to the petition either importers or
domestic producers affiliated with foreign producers?
Yes
No
(explain how the views of these parties were treated in your determination of industry
support)
-
INJURY ALLEGATION:
-
We have received a copy of the action request from the Director of the Office of
Investigations, International Trade Commission. It indicates that the ITC finds that the
petition contains adequate and accurate information with respect to material injury. (The
relevant injury data can be found on page (insert #) of the petition.)
-
Does the petition contain evidence of causation? (answer Yes or No) (See page (insert #)
of the petition.) Specifically, does the petition contain information relative to:
-
___ volume and value of imports (see page (insert #) of the petition)
-
___ U.S. market share (i.e., the ratio of imports to consumption) (see page (insert #)
of the petition)
-
___ actual pricing (i.e., evidence of decreased pricing) (see page (insert #) of the
petition)
-
___ relative pricing (i.e., evidence of imports underselling U.S. products) (see page
(insert #) of the petition)
-
PETITION REQUIREMENTS:
-
Does the petition contain the following:
the name and address of the petitioner
the names and addresses of all known domestic producers of the domestic like
product
the volume and value of the domestic like product produced by the petitioner
and each domestic producer identified for the most recently completed 12-month period for which data is available
-
Was the entire domestic industry identified in the petition?
Yes
No (% of producers identified)
-
Does the petition also contain the following:
a clear and detailed description of the merchandise to be investigated, including
the appropriate Harmonized Tariff Schedule numbers.
the name of each country in which the merchandise originates or from which
the merchandise is exported.
Was the petition filed simultaneously with the Department of Commerce and
the ITC?
Yes
No
an adequate summary of the proprietary data was provided.
a statement regarding release under administrative protective order.
a certification of the facts contained in the petition by an official of the
petitioning firm(s) and its legal representative (if applicable).
import volume and value information for the most recent two-year period.
-
LESS THAN FAIR VALUE ALLEGATION:
-
Export Price/Constructed Export Price
-
Provide an explanation on how the export price and/or constructed export price was
derived (include in your description the source of the pricing information and any
adjustments necessary to calculate an ex-factory price; reference the pages in the petition
that contain this information; if the information is based on a market research report or
affidavit, explain why you believe that these sources are appropriate).
-
Does the petition contain the following:
support documentation for the alleged prices or costs and claimed adjustments.
any market research reports including an affidavits referring to sources and
how information was obtained
current and dated price data (no more than one-year old).
price and cost data from contemporaneous time periods.
correct currency rates used for all conversions to U.S. dollars (i.e., Federal
Reserve Bank of New York).
conversion factors for comparisons of differing units of measure.
-
Normal value
-
Provide an explanation on how the export price was derived (include in your description
the source of the pricing information and any adjustments necessary to calculate an ex-factory price; reference the pages in the pe
tition that contain this information; if the
information is based on a market research report or affidavit, explain why you believe that
these sources are appropriate).
-
Does the petition contain the following:
support documentation for the alleged prices or costs and claimed adjustments.
any market research reports including an affidavits referring to sources and
how information was obtained.
current and dated price data (no more than one year old).
price and cost data from contemporaneous time periods.
correct currency rates used for all conversions to U.S. dollars (i.e., Federal
Reserve Bank of New York).
conversion factors for comparisons of differing units of measure.
-
ESTIMATED MARGINS:
(insert the range of estimated dumping margins)
-
OTHER ISSUES:
(e.g., COP allegation, regional industry, critical circumstances)
-
RECOMMENDATION:
-
Based on sources readily available to the Department, we have examined the accuracy
and adequacy of the evidence provided in the petition, and recommend determining that
the evidence is sufficient to justify the initiation of an antidumping investigation. We
also recommend determining that the petition has been filed by or on behalf of the
domestic industry.
-
¹Ý´ýÇÎÁ¶»ç°³½Ã üũ¸®½ºÆ®
-
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(½Åû¼ÀÇ ÇØ´çÆäÀÌÁö ÂüÁ¶), ƯÈ÷ ´ÙÀ½°ú °ü·ÃÇÑ ÀڷḦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí Àִ°¡?
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½Åû¼¿¡´Â ´ÙÀ½»çÇ×À» Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí Àִ°¡ :
c. Information is part of the record regardless of the form in which it is
presented or obtained. Examples include:
- petitions
- questionnaire responses (including tapes, floppy discs and printouts)
- information received in the course of verification (including exhibits)
- telex, fax and cable communications
- information gained from published surveys, articles, studies, statistical
compilations or other analysis (if used, this information must be put in
the record by the analyst)
- correspondence from petitioners, respondents, interested parties and
others (e.g., Congress)
- in reviews, information from previous segments of the proceeding
(e.g., the original investigation or a previous review) if used in the
final results of the review
- requests for administrative protective orders.
c. Á¤º¸ÀڷḦ ¾ò°Å³ª Á¦ÃâµÈ Çü½Ä¿¡ °ü°è¾øÀÌ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¿¹´Â
ÇàÁ¤±â·Ï¿¡ ÇØ´çµÈ´Ù.
- ½Åû¼
- Áú¹®¼ ´äº¯³»¿ë(Å×ÀÌÇÁ, Ç÷ÎÇǵð½ºÅ©, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ Àμ⹰ Æ÷ÇÔ)
- °ËÁõ(Áõ°Å¹° Æ÷ÇÔ) °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ¾ò¾îÁø Á¤º¸
- ÅÚ·º½º, FAX, Åë½Å¹®
- ¹ßÇ¥µÈ Á¶»ç, ³í¹®, ¿¬±¸, Åë°èÁý, ±âŸ ºÐ¼® µîÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ò¾îÁø
Á¤º¸ÀÚ·á(µ¿ Á¤º¸ÀÚ·á°¡ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ¸é ºÐ¼®°üÀº ÇàÁ¤±â·ÏÀ¸·Î µîÀç
ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
- Á¦¼ÒÀÚ, ÇÇÁ¦¼ÒÀÚ, ÀÌÇØ°ü°èÀÎ ¹× ±âŸ(ÀÇȸ µî)·Î ºÎÅÍÀÇ Åë½Å¹°
- Àç½É»ç½Ã Á¤º¸ÀÚ·á°¡ Àç½ÉÀÇ ÃÖÁ¾°á°ú¿¡ Ȱ¿ëµÉ °æ¿ì, ÁøÇà°úÁ¤
ÀÇ Àü´Ü°è(ÃÖÃÊ Á¶»ç³ª ù Àç½É)ÀÇ Á¤º¸ÀÚ·á
- ÇàÁ¤º¸È£¸í·É ¿ä±¸¼
1. All information presented to or obtained by ITA from outside the DOC that is
submitted without a request for business proprietary treatment is public,
such as:
- public versions of petitions, responses and supporting documentation
- information gained from public sources, including studies, statistical
compilations, articles and other analysis
- communications from outside counsel, interested parties and other persons
(e.g., Congress).
1. »ó¹«ºÎ ¿ÜºÎ·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¹Á¦¹«¿ªÇàÁ¤Ã³¿¡ Á¦ÃâµÇ°Å³ª ¾ò¾îÁø Á¤º¸·Î½á
¿µ¾÷ºñ¹ÐÃë±ÞÀÇ ¿ä±¸ ¾øÀÌ Á¦ÃâµÈ ¸ðµç ÀÚ·á´Â °ø°³¹®¼ÀÌ´Ù.
In practice, we rarely deal with government classified information and it is unlikely that
an analyst will need to make a request to classify a document on that basis. (Should that
event occur, the analyst must consult with the program manager and the designated
classifying officer prescribed by E.O. 12356.) Nevertheless, it is possible that the analyst
may have to handle classified documents at some point, most likely from U.S. Embassy
or foreign government sources. Foreign government classifications must be respected
and handled as the equivalent U.S. classification (e.g., a "CONFIDENTIAL" French
government document must be treated the same way a "CONFIDENTIAL" U.S.
document would).
½ÇÁ¦·Î Á¤ºÎºÐ·ù ºñ¹ÐÁ¤º¸´Â °ÅÀÇ ´Ù·çÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ºÐ¼®°üÀÌ ¹®¼¸¦ ºñ
¹Ð·Î ºÐ·ùÇϵµ·Ï ¿äûÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. (±×·¯ÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾ
°æ¿ì, ºÐ¼®°üÀº E.O 12356¿¡ ÀǰбÔÁ¤µÈ ºÐ·ùÁöÁ¤°ü¸®ÀÚ¿Í ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ °ü
¸®ÀÚ¿Í ÇùÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.) ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ´ëºÎºÐ ¹Ì±¹ ´ë»ç°ü ¶Ç´Â
¿Ü±¹Á¤ºÎ ¹®¼¿¡ ÇØ´çµÇ°ÚÁö¸¸ ºÐ¼®°üÀÌ ºñ¹ÐºÐ·ù¹®¼¸¦ Ãë±ÞÇØ¾ß¸¸ ÇÒ
°æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿Ü±¹Á¤ºÎ°¡ ºñ¹Ð¹®¼·Î ºÐ·ùÇÑ °ÍÀº ¹Ì±¹ ºñ¹Ð¹®¼¿Í µ¿ÀÏ
ÇÏ°Ô Ãë±ÞµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. (¿¹¸¦ µé¸é "´ë¿Üºñ" ºÒ¶õ¼ Á¤ºÎ¹®¼´Â "´ë¿Üºñ"
¹Ì±¹¹®¼¿Í °°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Ãë±ÞµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
"FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY" ("FOUO") is a government classification but not a
national security one. Documents that carry these designations are administratively
controlled. See ITA Security's Manual of Administrative Instructions, Section 5, for
more detailed information. In some instances, "LOU" or similarly classified material
(e.g. "EYES ONLY" cables with no other classification) may be classified as proprietary
information for our purposes. For example, company-specific import and export statistics
provided to the DOC by the Japanese government and transmitted to us via State
Department cable with "EYES ONLY" captions can be classified as proprietary. Check
with your PM before making such classifications.
"°ü¿ë(FOUO:For Official Use Only)"Àº Á¤ºÎ ºñ¹Ð¹®¼À̳ª ±¹°¡¾Èº¸¹®
¼´Â ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÁöÁ¤µÈ ¹®¼´Â ÇàÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ
³»¿ëÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ¸é ±¹Á¦¹«¿ªÇàÁ¤Ã³ ÇàÁ¤¸í·É¾Èº¸Áöħ¼ 5ÀåÀ» ÂüÁ¶ÇÑ´Ù.
¾î¶² °æ¿ì¿¡´Â "Á¦ÇÑµÈ °ü¿ë"(LOU)À̳ª ÀÌ¿Í À¯»çÇÑ ºñ¹Ð¹®°Ç (Áï, ´Ù¸¥
ºñ¹ÐºÐ·ù¾øÀÌ "¸Þ¸ð¡¤º¹»ç±ÝÁö Àü½Å"-EYES ONLY)Àº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ»
À§ÇØ ¿µ¾÷ºñ¹ÐÁ¤º¸·Î ºÐ·ùµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ÀϺ»Á¤ºÎ°¡ ±¹¹«ºÎÀÇ
Àü¹®À» ÅëÇÏ¿© »ó¹«ºÎ¿¡ Á¦°øÇÑ Æ¯Á¤È¸»çÀÇ ¼öÃâÀÔÅë°è¿¡ "¸Þ¸ð¡¤º¹»ç
±ÝÁö"(EYES ONLY) Ç¥Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì ¿µ¾÷ºñ¹Ð·Î ºÐ·ùµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
±×·¯ÇÑ ºÐ·ù¸¦ Çϱâ Àü¿¡ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ °ü¸®ÀÚ¿Í °ËÅäÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
X19 ±âŸ ¹× »ó¼¼ºÒ¸íÀÇ ¿ ¹× °¡¿ ¹°Áú°ú Á¢ÃË(Contact with other and unspecified heat and hot substances)
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Á¦¿Ü£ºÅë»ó ¶ß°ÌÁö ¾ÊÀº ¹°Ã¼·Î¼ ¿¹¸¦µé¸é ÁÖÅÃÀÇ ÈÀç·Î °¡¿µÈ ¹°Ã¼ (objects that are not
normally hot, e.g., an object made hot by a house fire)(X00-X09)
player: one of the people companies, or organizations that is involved in and influences a situation
e.g.) Poland is a major player in the transformation of Eastern Europe.
Buligant: À¯·´Áö¿ª, ƯÈ÷ ¿µ±¹, ÇÁ¶û½º, µ¶ÀÏ¿¡¼ Á¾Á¾ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â À̸§ÁßÀÇ
Çϳª. e.g. Michael Buligant, Jean-Paul Buligant etc.
6. Termination; Cancellation.
6. Á¾·á ; Ãë¼Ò.
Subject to any third party agreements You may have with other Abc customers (e.g., Your Web hosting company), You may stop displaying Ads, Links, Search Boxes, or Referral Buttons on any Property in the Program with or without cause at any time by removing the Abc JavaScript or similar programming from Your Properties.
±ÍÇϰ¡ ´Ù¸¥ Abc °í°´ ( ¿¹ÄÁ´ë, ±ÍÇÏ À¥ È£½ºÆÃ ȸ»ç ) °ú ü°áÇÑ ( Á¦ 3 ÀÚ¿ÍÀÇ ) °è¾à¿¡ ÀǰÅ, ±ÍÇÏ´Â ±ÍÇÏ ÀÚ»êÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Abc ÀÚ¹Ù½ºÅ©¸³Æ® (JavaScript) ¶Ç´Â À¯»çÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» Á¦°ÅÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ÀÓÀÇ Àڻ꿡 ±¤°í, ¸µÅ©, °Ë»ö»óÀÚ ¶Ç´Â Ãßõ¹öưÀÇ °ÔÀçÇÏ´ø °ÍÀ» ¾ðÁ¦µçÁö ÀÌÀ¯¿©Çϸ¦ ¸··ÐÇϰí Áß´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
14. Your Obligation to Indemnify.
14. ¹è»ó Àǹ«.
You agree to indemnify, defend and hold Abc, its agents, affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, and applicable third parties (e.g. relevant advertisers, syndication partners, licensors, licensees, consultants and contractors) (collectively "Indemnified Person(s)") harmless from and against any and all third party claims, liability, loss, and expense (including damage awards, settlement amounts, and reasonable legal fees), brought against any Indemnified Person(s), arising out of, related to or which may arise from Your use of the Program, the Property(ies), and/or Your breach of any term of this Agreement.
±ÍÇÏ´Â ±ÍÇÏÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¹× ÀÚ»êÀÇ ÀÌ¿ë ¹× / ¶Ç´Â º» °è¾à Á¶Ç×ÀÇ À§¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¹ß»ýÇϰųª °ü·ÃµÇ°Å³ª ¹ß»ýÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â Abc, ´ëÇà»ç, Á¦ÈÞ»ç, ÀÚȸ»ç, ÀÌ»ç, ÀÓÁ÷¿ø ¹× ÇØ´ç Á¦ 3 ÀÚ ( ¿¹ÄÁ´ë, °ü·Ã ±¤°íÁÖ, ½ÅµðÄÉÀÌ¼Ç ÆÄÆ®³Ê, ¶óÀ̼¾¼ ( ¶óÀ̼¾½º Á¦°øÀÚ ), ¶óÀ̼¾½Ã ( ¶óÀ̼¾½º ¼öÇýÀÚ ), ÄÁ¼³ÅÏÆ® ¹× µµ±ÞÀÚ ) ( ÀÌÇÏ, ÃÑĪÇÏ¿© " ¹è»ó ¼öÇýÀÚ ") ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç Á¦ 3 ÀÚ Ã»±¸, Ã¥ÀÓ, ¼Õ½Ç ¹× °æºñ ( ¼ÕÇØ º¸»ó±Ý, ÇÕÀÇ±Ý ¹× ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀÎ ¹ý·üºñ¿ë Æ÷ÇÔ ) ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©, ¹è»ó ¼öÇýÀÚÀÇ ¼ÕÇØ¸¦ ¹è»óÇϰí À̵éÀ» º¯È£Çϸç À̵鿡°Ô ¾Æ¹«·± ¼ÕÇØ°¡ ¾øµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù .
°Ë»ö°á°ú´Â 51 °ÇÀ̰í ÃÑ 758 ¶óÀÎÀÇ ÀÚ·á°¡ Ãâ·ÂµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¸ÇÀ§·Î
(È¸é ¾îµð¼³ª Alt+Z : ´Ü¾î ÀçÀÔ·Â.)
(³»¿ë Áß °Ë»öÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº ´Ü¾î°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ±× ´Ü¾î¸¦ ´õºíŬ¸¯Çϼ¼¿ä.)